Introduction India, the world’s fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP, aspires to evolve into a global innovation hub. Central to this ambition is the enhancement of its Research and Development (R&D) capabilities. Despite having a vast scientific talent pool and globally recognized institutions like IISc, IITs, and CSIR labs, India invests less than 0.65% of its…

1. Introduction Water is the cornerstone of life. Earth’s hydrosphere—comprising rivers, lakes, wetlands, ponds, reservoirs, glaciers, and oceans—constitutes the planet’s most vital ecological system. Collectively referred to as water bodies, these natural and man-made reservoirs not only support biodiversity but also shape civilizations, economies, and climatic stability. In recent decades, however, growing urbanization, industrial expansion,…

Introduction India’s journey toward urban modernization is entering a transformative phase with the convergence of 5G technology and the Internet of Things (IoT). As part of the Smart Cities Mission launched by the Government of India in 2015, over 100 cities are actively exploring the use of advanced technologies to improve urban infrastructure, governance, and…

Opportunities and Challenges in Bringing Healthcare to Underserved Areas Introduction India, with its vast geography and demographic diversity, has always faced a significant challenge in ensuring equitable access to quality healthcare. While urban areas boast some of the finest medical institutions, rural and remote regions continue to suffer from inadequate infrastructure, shortage of doctors, and…

The Impact of Regional Cuisines and Local Food Tourism on Rural Economies Introduction India, a nation known for its kaleidoscopic diversity, boasts not just an array of languages, religions, and traditions—but also one of the richest and most varied culinary heritages in the world. From the robust Flavors of Rajasthani dal baati churma to the…

Introduction: India’s Shift Toward the Gig Economy India is undergoing a major transformation in its labour market, with gig and platform-based work becoming increasingly prominent across urban and semi-urban areas. This form of employment, defined by short-term contracts, freelance work, and on-demand jobs, is largely mediated by digital platforms like Uber, Ola, Swiggy, Zomato, UrbanClap, Freelancer, and others. According…